We hypothesize that an impaired polyamine and glucosylceramide transport activity causes toxic accumulation of these substances in lysosomes and leads to a shortage elsewhere in the cell. Together, this may cause lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction, and lead to α-synuclein toxicity, three major hallmarks of PD. First, we will investigate the molecular architecture of polyamine and glucosylceramide transporters and identify mechanisms to modulate their activity. Second, we will examine how these transporters influence the intracellular distribution of polyamine and glucosylceramide, and how this affects the cross-talk between lysosomes and mitochondria. Third, we will investigate how dysfunctional polyamine and glucosylceramide transporters affect other PD pathways, such as mitophagy, GBA1 and alpha-synuclein aggregation, and whether the modulation of these transporters can be validated as therapeutic approach for PD. Finally, we will collect evidence for disturbed polyamine and glucosylceramide transport in PD patients.